ORMA

\msSmgnªXv C´y³ {In¡änsâ \hm_v

C´y kzX{´ambXn\p sXm«Sp¯ hÀjw þ 1948þð \Só eï³ Hfn¼nIvknð tlm¡nbnð C´ybv¡mbncpóp kzÀWsaUð. ImbnItemIs¯ am{Xañ, tZiobXbpsS hnPbw IqSnbmbncpóp CXv.

A¡me¯v F´mbncpóp C´y³ {In¡änsâ AhØ? tImf\n `cW¯nsâ "lmMv HmhÀ" hnSmsX _memcnjvSXtbmsS Cgªp \o§pIbmbncpóp At¸mÄ \½psS {In¡äv. shÅ¡mcmb DóX DtZymKØcpsSbpw \m«pcmPm¡³amcpsSbpw t\cw sImñð Ifn. Sow kv]ncntäm Pbn¡m\pÅ XrjvWtbm s]mSnt]mepw ImWm\pïmbncpónñ. At¸mgmWv C´y³ {In¡änsâ PmXIw amän¡pdn¡m³ Iuamcw hnS]dªn«nñm¯ a³kqÀ Aen Jm³ ]«uUn Fó cmPIpamcsâ Act§äw.

C´y³ tZiob arK¯nsâ t]cv A]c\mat[bambn ]nóoSv amdnb ]«uUn \½psS {In¡änte¡v Icp¯v sImïphóp. `bw IqSmsX Ifn¡m\pw hnPbn¡m\papÅ t_m[hpw NSpeXbpw _ehpw Ifn¡mcnð \nd¨p.

ssSKÀ ]«uUn {In¡än\p am{Xañ, C´y³ ImbnI temI¯n\p Xsó t]cn\¸pdw Hcp kmao]yambn amdn.

1962þð sh̳Uokns\Xncmb sSÌnð C´y³ Iym]vS³ \cnam³ tIm¬{SmIvSÀ Ifn¡nsS KpcpXcambn ]cnt¡äv ]pdt¯¡v t]mb Hgnhnð A{]Xo£nXambmWv C´ybpsS Iym]vS³ Øm\w \hm_ns\ tXSnsb¯póXv. CwKvfojv bqWnthgvknän eoKnð Iym]vS\mbn«pïv Fó Hä ]cnNbw am{Xw ssIapXem¡nh¨mWv At±lw cmPy¯nsâ \mbIØm\w GsäSp¡póXv. shdpw Ccp]¯n Hómw hbknemWXv. AXpw amk§Ä¡p ap³]pïmb Imd]IS¯nð XIÀó het¯ I®pambn. temI¯nse Gähpw {]mbw Ipdª Iym]vS\mbn ]«uUnbnse cmPIpamc³ amdn.

]«uUn Ifn¨ 46 sSÌpIfnð 40 F®¯nepw At±lambncpóp \mbI³. AXnð H³]sX®¯nð hnPbhpw.

Aós¯ h¼³ SoapIÄ¡p ap³]nð ap«nengªncpó C´y³ Soan\v Cu hnPb§Ä H«pw \nkmcambncpónñ.

I®nt\ä XIcmdpaqew Ìw]n\p t\À¡p ]msªSp¡pó ]´ns\ ]«uUn "cïmbn"«mWv IïncpóXv. AXnð het¯ ]´n\pt\sc _mäp hoiWw. Cu ØnXnbnð At±lw Bdv skôzdnIÄ Ipdn¨p. AXnð Hsc®w U_nÄ skôzdnbmbncpóp. 1963 þ 64ð Fw. kn. kns¡Xnsc Uðlnbnse ^ntdmkvjm tIm«ve ssaXm\¯mWv ]«uUnbpsS A]cmPnX 203 ]ndóXv. As¡mñw Xsó t_m_v knw]vkWnsâ t\XrXz¯nepÅ Bkvt{Senb³ Soapambn \Só t_mws_ sSÌnð C´y hnPbn¨p. ]«uUn t\Snb cïv AÀ²skôzdnIfmbncpóp Cu hnPb¯nsâ aqi Hcp¡nbXv.

1967þð ]«uUnbpsS Hcp henb kz]v\w ]qhWnªp. hntZi a®nð Hcp sSÌv hnPbw.

aqóv kv]nóÀamsc D]tbmKn¨pÅ ]«uUn \hm_nsâ X{´w \yqkne³Uns\ hogv¯n. 1971þð shÌv C³Uoknepw CwKvfïnepw hnPb§Ä BhÀ¯n¨p. A§s\ hntZi]cyS\w \S¯n hnPbn¸n¡msaó hnizmkw C´y³ {In¡äv Soanð hfÀ¯nsbSp¡m³ temIs¯ Gähpw {]mbw Ipdª Iym]vS\p Ignªp.

Aós¯ \¼À h¬ Soamb shÌn³Uokns\Xnsc \Só ]c¼cbnð 2þ0¯n\v ]nón«tijw ASp¯ cïv sSÌpIfnð Soans\ apónð\nóv \bn¨v hnPbXocs¯¯n¨Xv Cópw ]gb Xeapdbnð DÅhcpsS HmÀ½bnð Pzen¨p\nð¡póp.

hncan¨n«pw {In¡äpambn _Ôs¸« {]hÀ¯\§fnð At±lw hym]rX\mbncpóp. Cu ASp¯Ime¯v Ibvt]dnb Hc\p`hw At±l¯n\v _n.kn.kn.sFbpsS `mK¯v \nópïmbn. C´y³ Sow C¯hW CwKvfïv ]cyS\¯n\v t]mbt¸mÄ Fñm klmbhpw \ðIm³ At±lw X¿mdmsb¦nepw _n.kn.kn.sF AXv \nckn¨p. ]c¼cbnð C´y k¼qÀW ]cmPbw Gäphm§pIbpw sNbvXp. CsXmcp hñm¯ ZpxJambn At±ls¯ Ae«nbncpóp.

ssdäv lm³Uv _mävkvam\pw aoUnbw t]kv _ufdpambncpó ]«uUn C´ybv¡mbn 1961 apXð 79 hscbpÅ ImeL«¯nð 46 sSÌv aÕc§Ä Ifn¨n«pïv. CXnð 40 F®¯nepw Iym]vS³ Bbncpóp.

1961 Unkw_À 13\v CwKvfïns\Xnsc Uðlnbnembncpóp At±l¯nsâ Act§äw. 1979þð shÌn³Uokns\Xnsc apws_bnð Bbncpóp At±l¯nsâ Ahkm\ aÕcw.

]«uUn cmPhwi¯nse F«mw \hm_mbncpó C^vXnJÀ AenJm³ ]«uUnbpsSbpw t`m]mense Ahkm\ `cWm[nImcnbmb \hm_nsâ cïmw ]p{Xnbmb kmPnZm kpð¯msâbpw aI\mbn«mWv a³kqÀ AenJm³ ]«uUnbpsS P\\w. D¯cmJÞv sUdmUyqWnse shðlmw t_mbvkv kvIqÄ, slÀ¯vt^mÀUv sjdnse temt¡gvkv ]mÀ¡v s]À¸v kvIqÄ, HmIvkvt^mÀUnse hn³sNÌÀ tImtfPv, _ñntbmÄ tImtfPv FónhnS§fnembncpóp hnZym`ymkw. 1952¥ð a³kqdnsâ ]Xns\mómw ]ndómÄZn\¯nð ]nXmhv acn¨p. AtXmsS a³kqÀ ]«uUnbpsS H¼Xmw \hm_mbn. 1947¥ð {_n«ojv cmPn\ptijw ]«uUn cmPhwiw C´ybpambn ebns¨¦nepw a³kqÀ BVyXz¯nsâ {]XoIamb "\hm_v" Fó t]cnð XesbSpt¸msS \nóp. 1971¥ð C´y Kh¬saâv `cWLS\bnð hcp¯nb cïmw t`ZKXnhsc a³kqÀ AenJmsâ "\hm_v" Øm\w \ne\nóp.

t_mfnhpUnse ap³Ime \mbnI iÀ½nf SmKqdmWv ]«uUnbpsS `mcy. kn\namXmc§fmb skbv^v AenJm\pw tkml AenJm\pw Pphedn Unssk\dmb km_m AenJm\pw a¡fmWv.

IS¸mSv tIcf IuapZn